In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.13.2 up to and including 1.25.1, stub or forward zones where the name is below an intermediate labed below a DNSSEC signed zone could be shadowed by the intermediate label's secure NXDOMAIN answer from the parent. This is caused by an off-by-one error in 'harden-below-nxdomain' logic; enabled by default. It effectively bypasses the configuration and the configured stub/forw

A flaw was found in GIMP's PNM file format parser. When parsing a specially crafted PNM file, the pnmscanner_gettoken() function writes a null terminator one byte past the end of a stack-allocated buffer due to an off-by-one error in the loop boundary check. This could lead to memory corruption, potentially resulting in denial of service or arbitrary code execution.

UltraVNC viewer through 1.8.2.2 contains an off-by-one stack buffer overflow in the RFB ServerInit message handler. In vncviewer/ClientConnection.cpp, when the server-supplied nameLength equals exactly 2024 the code declares a 2024-byte stack buffer _dn[2024] and calls ReadString(_dn, 2024). ReadString writes the NUL terminator at buf[length], i.e., _dn[2024], one byte past the end of the stack bu

UltraVNC repeater through 1.8.2.2 contains an off-by-one error in the Base64 decode helper used for HTTP Basic authentication. In repeater/webgui/webutils.c:817, the wi_uudecode() function checks whether the input length exceeds the output buffer with a strict greater-than comparison (>), while the correct check should be greater-than-or-equal (>=). When strlen(authdata) equals sizeof(decode), the

In hostapd before 2.12, a missing bounds check in AP-mode Wi-Fi 7 (IEEE 802.11be) Multi-Link Operation (MLO) association request processing allows an unauthenticated attacker within wireless range to send a crafted management frame containing a malformed Multi-Link Element or Per-STA Profile subelement. In hostapd_process_ml_assoc_req() in src/ap/ieee802_11_eht.c, the received link_id field can be

A flaw was found in GLib. An off-by-one error can occur in the g_key_file_get_locale_string_list function in the gkeyfile.c file when loading a key file with an empty value. This flaw can cause an out-of-bounds access of 1 byte or a denial of service when the out-of-bounds access crosses a page boundary.

CANBoat through 6.22, fixed in commit a5a22b7, contains an off-by-one global buffer overflow in the searchForPgn() function in analyzer/pgn.c that allows remote attackers to crash the application. Attackers can deliver a crafted NMEA-2000 message with an out-of-range PGN value over CAN bus or N2K-over-IP to trigger an out-of-bounds array access and denial of service.

RTKLIB through 2.4.3 contains an off-by-one out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the decode_ssr3 function at src/rtcm3.c:1446 that allows remote attackers to trigger a global buffer overflow via crafted RTCM3 SSR messages with attacker-controlled signal mode fields. Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious SSR correction streams over NTRIP or serial connections to cause

Gogs is an open source self-hosted Git service. Prior to 0.14.3, a repository admin collaborator can escalate their privileges to owner-level access by exploiting an off-by-one error in the ChangeCollaborationAccessMode function. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.14.3.

LibreOffice Calc compiles cell formulas when opening a spreadsheet. A heap buffer overflow existed when compiling a very long formula made up of many opening tokens. The array that tracks nesting depth was allocated one element too small for that worst case, so such a formula wrote one element past its end. In fixed versions the array is sized to hold the largest possible nesting.

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-48 and 7.1.2-23, an incorrect check in the JP2 will result in an heap buffer over-write of a single byte when specifying certain options. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-48 and 7.1.2-23.

bit7z is a cross-platform C++ static library that allows the compression/extraction of archive files. Prior to version 4.0.12, a one-byte off-by-one error in SafeOutPathBuilder::restoreSymlink() allows an attacker to craft a .7z archive that, when extracted with bit7z on any non-Windows platform, creates a symlink escaping the intended output directory. Subsequent archive entries extracted through

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22, an off by one in the meta encoder could result in an out of bounds read of a single byte in the meta encoder. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22.

Music Player Daemon (MPD) before version 0.24.11 contains a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the pcm_unpack_24be function in src/pcm/Pack.cxx that allows unauthenticated attackers to corrupt stack memory by triggering an off-by-one write in the PCM decoder plugin. Attackers can issue two MPD commands referencing a malicious HTTP audio source to cause the unpack loop to write 1366 entries int

A flaw was found in gnutls. An off-by-one error exists in the PKCS#12 bag element bounds check. This vulnerability allows an remote attacker to write past the internal array of a PKCS#12 bag when appending to a bag that already contains 32 elements. This memory corruption could lead to a denial of service (DoS) or potentially other unspecified impacts.

A flaw was found in gnutls. An off-by-one error exists in the PKCS#12 bag element bounds check. This vulnerability allows an remote attacker to write past the internal array of a PKCS#12 bag when appending to a bag that already contains 32 elements. This memory corruption could lead to a denial of service (DoS) or potentially other unspecified impacts.

FastNetMon Community Edition through 1.2.9 contains an off-by-one heap-based buffer overflow in the dynamic_binary_buffer_t class (src/dynamic_binary_buffer.hpp). Five methods (append_dynamic_buffer, append_data_as_pointer, append_data_as_object_ptr, memcpy_from_ptr, memcpy_from_object_ptr) use an incorrect bounds check of the form 'if (offset + length > maximum_internal_storage_size + 1)' instead

An incorrect fix that was applied in GHSA-5592-p365-24xh could result in a heap buffer over-write of a single byte.

An off-by-two error in lp_write() in papd in Netatalk 2.0.0 through 4.4.2 allows an adjacent network attacker to modify limited data or cause a minor service disruption via crafted print data.

Rsync versions before 3.4.3 contain an off-by-one out-of-bounds stack write vulnerability in the establish_proxy_connection() function in socket.c that allows network attackers to corrupt stack memory by sending a malformed HTTP proxy response. Attackers can exploit this by positioning themselves between the client and proxy or controlling the proxy server to send a response line of 1023 or more b

An incorrect check in the JP2 will result in an heap buffer over-write of a single byte when specifying certain options.

An of by one in the meta encoder could result in an out of bounds read of a single byte in the meta encoder.

Tor before 0.4.9.7 has an out-of-bounds read by one byte via a malformed BEGIN cell, aka TROVE-2026-007.

An off-by-one error (CWE-193) in the ConsumeUnit16Array and ConsumeUnit64Array functions in Velocidex Velociraptor before version 0.76.5 on Windows and Linux allows a local attacker to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a process crash by providing a specially crafted .evtx file to the parse_evtx VQL plugin.

CVE-2026-7572 是一个存在于 Velocidex Velociraptor 中的 off-by-one 错误（CWE-193），影响 Windows 和 Linux 平台上的 0.76.5 之前版本。该漏洞位于 ConsumeUnit16Array 和 ConsumeUnit64Array 函数中，当 parse_evtx VQL 插件处理特制的 .evtx 文件时，会触发基于堆的缓冲区越界读取或写入，导致进程崩溃，造成拒绝服务（DoS）。攻击者利用此漏洞需要本地访问，并诱导用户或服务解析恶意 evtx 文件（用户交互）。CVSS 评分为 4.4（中危），攻击向量为本地，利用复杂度低，无需特权，但影响仅限可用性和完整性（低）。目前无证据表明已被在野利用或已加入 CISA KEV。受影响的 Velociraptor 版本需升级至 0.76.5 或更高。建议蓝队立即检查 Velociraptor 部署版本，对关键主机限制本地文件解析操作的访问，并监控异常进程崩溃。

Postfix before 3.8.16, 3.9 before 3.9.10, and 3.10 before 3.10.9 sometimes allows a buffer over-read and process crash via an enhanced status code that lacks text after the third number.

Postfix before 3.8.16, 3.9 before 3.9.10, and 3.10 before 3.10.9 sometimes allows a buffer over-read and process crash via an enhanced status code that lacks text after the third number.

mutt before 2.3.2 sometimes truncates the hash_passwd by one byte for IMAP auth_cram MD5 digest.

### Summary Rules could be bypassed by changing the first character: `example.com` could be be bypassed by e.g. `fxample.com`. ### Details Off-by-one error in the suffixtrie implementation. ### Impact The domain filter could be bypassed. Please note that DNS filtering alone is not enough to block malicious traffic.