## Summary `String.prototype.match` with a **global** `RE2` collects all matches in a native loop that advances the cursor by the match length. A **zero-width (empty) match** has length 0, so the cursor never advances: the same empty match is found forever and appended to an ever-growing native vector. Any pattern that can match the empty string (`a*`, `b?`, `x{0,3}`, `(a)|`, `(?:)`, …) therefore

Zephyr's IPv6 forwarding path re-sent routed unicast packets without ever decrementing the IPv6 hop limit. Both routing branches of ipv6_route_packet() (subsys/net/ip) were affected: the explicit-route path (net_route_packet()) and the on-link cross-interface path (net_route_packet_if()). Each set the packet forwarding flag and called net_send_data() with the hop limit untouched and no expiry chec

Zephyr's IPv6 forwarding path re-sent routed unicast packets without ever decrementing the IPv6 hop limit. Both routing branches of ipv6_route_packet() (subsys/net/ip) were affected: the explicit-route path (net_route_packet()) and the on-link cross-interface path (net_route_packet_if()). Each set the packet forwarding flag and called net_send_data() with the hop limit untouched and no expiry chec

re2 provides Node.js bindings for Google's RE2 regular expression engine. Prior to 1.25.2, re2's String.prototype.match implementation with a global RE2 pattern that can match the empty string fails to advance its native matching cursor in lib/match.cc, causing an infinite loop and unbounded native memory growth that blocks the event loop and can exhaust host memory. This issue is fixed in 1.25.2.

re2 provides Node.js bindings for Google's RE2 regular expression engine. Prior to 1.25.2, re2's String.prototype.match implementation with a global RE2 pattern that can match the empty string fails to advance its native matching cursor in lib/match.cc, causing an infinite loop and unbounded native memory growth that blocks the event loop and can exhaust host memory. This issue is fixed in 1.25.2.

Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, the `Bzip2Decoder` handler in Netty's compression codec pipeline is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack through a malformed bzip2 stream that permanently captures the event-loop thread in an infinite loop. The vulnerability exists in the run-length encoding (RLE) state machi

nanoid (Nano ID) before 5.1.16 contains an infinite loop in the customAlphabet and nanoid functions of its non-secure module (nanoid/non-secure). When these functions are given a negative size, the loop counter is decremented from a negative value and never reaches its termination condition, spinning indefinitely and hanging the calling thread. An application that passes an unvalidated, attacker-c

nanoid (Nano ID) before 5.1.6 contains an infinite loop in the customAlphabet and customRandom functions. When these functions are configured with a size of 0, the internal generation loop never satisfies its exit condition and spins indefinitely, hanging the calling thread. An application that passes an unvalidated, attacker-controlled size of 0 to these functions is exposed to a denial-of-servic

PhpSpreadsheet is a pure PHP library for reading and writing spreadsheet files. In versions 4.0.0 through 5.8.0, 3.3.0 through 3.10.6, 2.2.0 through 2.4.6, 2.0.0 through 2.1.17, and all releases up to and including 1.30.5, the OLE reader follows sector chains from attacker-controlled XLS/OLE metadata without detecting cycles or enforcing a maximum chain length. A tiny malformed .xls/OLE file can s

PhpSpreadsheet is a pure PHP library for reading and writing spreadsheet files. In versions 4.0.0 through 5.8.0, 3.3.0 through 3.10.6, 2.2.0 through 2.4.6, 2.0.0 through 2.1.17, and all releases up to and including 1.30.5, the OLE reader follows sector chains from attacker-controlled XLS/OLE metadata without detecting cycles or enforcing a maximum chain length. A tiny malformed .xls/OLE file can s

In the Synopsys DesignWare I2C driver (drivers/i2c/i2c_dw.c) operating in target/slave mode, the rx_full interrupt handler gates the write_requested() callback on dw->state != CMD_SEND, and dw->state is only reset to READY on a STOP interrupt. The START_DET interrupt, whose handler in i2c_dw_slave_read_clear_intr_bits() would reset the state on every (re)START, was never added to the enabled inter

facil.io 0.6.0 through 0.7.6 contains a denial-of-service vulnerability in the multipart body parser that allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to permanently freeze worker processes at 100% CPU by sending a multipart/form-data request with a partial closing boundary. The missing progress guard in the parser loop causes http_mime_parse to return 0 bytes consumed without setting done or error f

Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop') vulnerability in Apache Thrift Python, Go, PHP and Java bindings.This issue affects Apache Thrift: before 0.24.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.24.0, which fixes the issue.

### Impact An attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop. This requires parsing the content stream of a page with a not terminated inline image, as done when extracting the page text for example. It only affects the ASCII85 and ASCIIHex filters. ### Patches This has been fixed in [pypdf==6.14.2](https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.14.2). ###

### Impact An attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop. This requires parsing the content stream of a page with a not terminated inline image, as done when extracting the page text for example. ### Patches This has been fixed in [pypdf==6.14.1](https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.14.1). ### Workarounds If you cannot upgrade yet, consider

## Summary PhpSpreadsheet's OLE reader follows sector chains from attacker-controlled XLS/OLE metadata without detecting cycles or enforcing a maximum chain length. A tiny malformed `.xls`/OLE file can set the small-block depot sector chain to point back to itself. During normal XLS detection, `OLERead::read()` appends the same sector data repeatedly until the PHP process exhausts memory. This i

The `Bzip2Decoder` handler in Netty's compression codec pipeline is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack through a malformed bzip2 stream that permanently captures the event-loop thread in an infinite loop. The vulnerability exists in the run-length encoding (RLE) state machine within [`Bzip2BlockDecompressor.read()`]

FFmpeg versions 0.6.3 through 8.1.2 contain an infinite loop vulnerability in the RTP/ASF demuxer within libavformat/rtpdec_asf.c that allows remote attackers to cause denial of service by sending a crafted RTP/ASF stream. The rtp_asf_fix_header function fails to validate a minimum chunksize when iterating over ASF objects, causing the loop pointer to never advance when a chunksize is smaller than

Denial-of-Service in Thinkst Applied Research OpenCanary (MongoDB module) allows Excessive Allocation. This issue affects OpenCanary 0.9.8 only.

Denial-of-Service in Thinkst Applied Research OpenCanary (MongoDB module) allows Excessive Allocation. This issue affects OpenCanary 0.9.8 only.

fflate through 0.8.2 is vulnerable to denial of service via an infinite loop in unzipSync(). A crafted ZIP archive with a central directory entry declaring compressed_size=0xFFFFFFFF (ZIP64 sentinel) but missing the required ZIP64 extra field tag 0x0001 causes z64e() to loop indefinitely due to out-of-bounds reads returning undefined, which coerces to 0, keeping the loop condition permanently true

fflate through 0.8.2 is vulnerable to denial of service via an infinite loop in unzipSync(). A crafted ZIP archive with a central directory entry declaring compressed_size=0xFFFFFFFF (ZIP64 sentinel) but missing the required ZIP64 extra field tag 0x0001 causes z64e() to loop indefinitely due to out-of-bounds reads returning undefined, which coerces to 0, keeping the loop condition permanently true

A flaw was found in libssh. Logic errors in automatic certificate-based public key authentication can cause libssh clients to loop indefinitely when configured certificates are missing or repeatedly rejected by a server, leading to denial of service.

### Summary Pillow's EPS parser (PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py) accepts a negative byte count in the %%BeginBinary directive. A crafted EPS file can cause Image.open() to seek backwards to the same directive and parse it repeatedly, resulting in an infinite loop and CPU denial of service. The issue is triggered during Image.open(), does not require Image.load(), and does not require Ghostscript executio

## Summary protobufjs parsed option names by advancing through schema tokens until it reached an `=` token, without checking for end of input. A crafted `.proto` schema that opens an option declaration but ends prematurely could cause the option parser to loop without ever terminating. This affects the reflection parsing path (`parse`, `Root.load`, `Root.loadSync`). ## Impact An attacker who c

### Summary A checksum-valid tar archive with a negative base-256 encoded entry size can make `tar.replace()` loop forever while scanning the existing archive. Applications that update attacker-controlled tar archives can have a worker process pinned indefinitely, causing denial of service. ### Details The public `tar.replace()` API scans the existing archive before appending replacement entrie

xrdp is an open source RDP server. In versions 0.10.6 and prior, a n issue was discovered where the software fails to properly validate the totalLength field within the RDP protocol control header during packet reception. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted packet that forces the xrdp process or thread into an infinite, CPU-bound loop. B

xrdp is an open source RDP server. In versions 0.10.6 and prior, a n issue was discovered where the software fails to properly validate the totalLength field within the RDP protocol control header during packet reception. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted packet that forces the xrdp process or thread into an infinite, CPU-bound loop. B

IBM Db2 11.5.0 through 11.5.9, and 12.1.0 through 12.1.4 is vulnerable to a trap when compiling a specially crafted statements containing subqueries could lead to a denial of service.

OpenMcdf is a fully .NET / C# library to manipulate Compound File Binary File Format files, also known as Structured Storage. In 3.1.3 and earlier, the BST name-lookup loop in DirectoryTree.TryGetDirectoryEntry (OpenMcdf/DirectoryTree.cs:35-46) walks directory entries by repeatedly calling directories.TryGetSibling(child, siblingType, validateColor). A crafted CFB file with cyclic Left/Right sibli

IBM Db2 11.5.0 through 11.5.9, and 12.1.0 through 12.1.4 is vulnerable to a trap when compiling a specially crafted statements containing subqueries could lead to a denial of service.

Dasel is a command-line tool and library for querying, modifying, and transforming data structures. From 3.0.0 until 3.10.1, the selector lexer matchRegexPattern closure in (*Tokenizer).parseCurRune in selector/lexer/tokenize.go loops while tokenizing an unterminated regex literal such as r/ because peekRuneEqual returns false after the end of input, allowing attacker-controlled selector strings t

Dasel is a command-line tool and library for querying, modifying, and transforming data structures. From 3.0.0 until 3.10.1, the selector lexer matchRegexPattern closure in (*Tokenizer).parseCurRune in selector/lexer/tokenize.go loops while tokenizing an unterminated regex literal such as r/ because peekRuneEqual returns false after the end of input, allowing attacker-controlled selector strings t

XML::Bare versions through 0.53 for Perl will hang in an infinite loop when parsing malformed attributes. The parserc_parse function never advances the attribute-parse state cursor on certain malformed attribute forms, looping forever. Nameless attributes such as "" or unbalanced quotes "" can trigger this condition.

HTML::Bare versions through 0.04 for Perl will hang in an infinite loop when parsing malformed attributes. The parserc_parse function never advances the attribute-parse state cursor on certain malformed attribute forms, looping forever. Nameless attributes such as "" or unbalanced quotes "" can trigger this condition. Note that the latest version available on CPAN is version 0.02. Newer version

In Roundcube Webmail before 1.6.17 and 1.7.x before 1.7.2, an infinite loop was discovered in the TNEF decoder, which may lead to denial of service upon opening an email with a TNEF attachment.

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 12.0.0 through 12.2.0, Pillow's EPS parser in PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py accepts a negative byte count in the %%BeginBinary directive, allowing a crafted EPS file to cause Image.open() to seek backwards to the same directive and parse it repeatedly in an infinite loop. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.

## Circular JSON Schema `$ref` causes unbounded CPU DoS in `json_repair` ### Summary `SchemaRepairer.resolve_schema()` in `json_repair` follows JSON Schema `$ref` pointers in an unbounded `while` loop without any cycle detection. An attacker who can supply a schema containing a self-referencing `$ref` (e.g., via the demo Flask API or any application that passes untrusted input to `loads(..., sch

Python Liquid is a Python engine for the Liquid template language. Prior to 2.2.1, given a malformed {% case %} tag without an associated {% when %} or {% else %} block and no terminating {% endcase %} tag, Python Liquid hangs in an infinite loop at parse time because liquid.TokenStream.eof did not give the EOF token matching kind and value fields, allowing malicious template authors to craft temp

### Impact An attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop. This requires merging a file with threads/articles into a writer. ### Patches This has been fixed in [pypdf==6.13.1](https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.13.1). ### Workarounds If users cannot upgrade yet, consider applying the changes from PR [#3839](https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/p

GNU patch is vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) due to improper validation of hunk (single block of changes in diff) line offsets in unified-diff input. A specially crafted patch can specify an extremely large line number, causing the application to enter an effectively infinite processing loop while attempting to locate the requested position. This results in excessive CPU consumption and pr

CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, an unauthenticated remote attacker that can reach a NetTcpBinding, NetNamedPipeBinding, or UnixDomainSocketBinding endpoint can trigger premature EOF handling in the CoreWCF net.tcp, net.pipe, or net.uds framing handshake and pin one server thread-pool worker at full CPU per conn

CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, an unauthenticated remote attacker that can reach a NetTcpBinding, NetNamedPipeBinding, or UnixDomainSocketBinding endpoint can trigger premature EOF handling in the CoreWCF net.tcp, net.pipe, or net.uds framing handshake and pin one server thread-pool worker at full CPU per conn

Multiple protocol dissector infinite loops in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.6 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.16 allow denial of service

Multiple protocol dissector infinite loops in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.6 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.16 allow denial of service

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.14.2, an attacker can craft a PDF with a page content stream containing a not terminated inline image that uses the ASCII85 or ASCIIHex filters, causing an infinite loop during parsing such as when extracting page text. This issue is fixed in version 6.14.2.

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.14.2, an attacker can craft a PDF with a page content stream containing a not terminated inline image that uses the ASCII85 or ASCIIHex filters, causing an infinite loop during parsing such as when extracting page text. This issue is fixed in version 6.14.2.

Immutable.js provides many Persistent Immutable data structures. Prior to 4.3.9 and 5.1.8, List#set, List#setSize, List#setIn, List#updateIn, and the functional set, setIn, and updateIn mishandle an index or size in the range 2 ** 30 to 2 ** 31 in setListBounds in src/List.js, causing an empty List to enter an uncatchable infinite loop, a populated List to allocate without bound until process abor

protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.6.5 and 8.6.6, protobufjs parsed option names by advancing through schema tokens until reaching an = token without checking for end of input, so a crafted .proto schema that opens an option declaration and ends prematurely can cause parse, Root.load, or Root.loadSync to loop indefinitely. This issue is fixed in ver

node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.18, tar.replace accepts a checksum-valid tar header with a negative base-256 encoded entry size, causing the archive scanner to make no progress while repeatedly parsing the same header. This issue is fixed in version 7.5.18.

Immutable.js provides many Persistent Immutable data structures. Prior to 4.3.9 and 5.1.8, List#set, List#setSize, List#setIn, List#updateIn, and the functional set, setIn, and updateIn mishandle an index or size in the range 2 ** 30 to 2 ** 31 in setListBounds in src/List.js, causing an empty List to enter an uncatchable infinite loop, a populated List to allocate without bound until process abor

protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.6.5 and 8.6.6, protobufjs parsed option names by advancing through schema tokens until reaching an = token without checking for end of input, so a crafted .proto schema that opens an option declaration and ends prematurely can cause parse, Root.load, or Root.loadSync to loop indefinitely. This issue is fixed in ver

node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.18, tar.replace accepts a checksum-valid tar header with a negative base-256 encoded entry size, causing the archive scanner to make no progress while repeatedly parsing the same header. This issue is fixed in version 7.5.18.

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-51 and 7.1.2-26, when providing invalid arguments to the connected-components option an infinite loop will occur. This issue has been fixed in versions 6.9.13-51 and 7.1.2-26.

FatFs prior to R0.16 that use GPT scanning with 'FF_LBA64 = 1' contains an issue where an unbounded loop count derived from GPT header field GPTH_PtNum, enabling extremely long or effectively infinite mount-time scans. This maps to CWE-835 (Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition). Estimated CVSS v3.1 vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (4.6, Medium). The estimated CISA SSVC vectors

A flaw was found in dhcpcd's IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Router Advertisement processing. A specially crafted IPv6 Router Advertisement containing a zero-length Neighbor Discovery option can bypass validation during packet storage and later be reparsed without adequate validation, causing the parser to enter a non-advancing loop. Successful exploitation may result in excessive CPU consumption, leading

### Summary [CVE-2026-47066](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47066) is an infinite loop (CWE-835) in hackney's Alt-Svc response header parser (`src/hackney_altsvc.erl`). When an HTTP server returns an `Alt-Svc` header whose value begins with a non-token byte (e.g. `!`, `@`, `=`, `;`), the parser enters a tight tail-recursive loop that pins an Erlang scheduler at 100% CPU and permanently

An infinite loop in the subimage-search operation can happen when using a crafted image.

The Zephyr PL011 UART driver (drivers/serial/uart_pl011.c) contains an unbounded software loop in pl011_irq_tx_enable() that repeatedly invokes the interrupt-driven application callback while the TX interrupt mask bit (PL011_IMSC_TXIM) is set, to work around the controller's level-transition TX-interrupt behavior. When CTS hardware flow control is enabled (devicetree hw-flow-control or runtime UAR

concurrent-ruby is a modern concurrency tools for Ruby. Prior to 1.3.7, Concurrent::AtomicReference#update can enter a permanent busy retry loop when the current value is Float::NAN. The issue is caused by the interaction between AtomicReference#update, which retries until compare_and_set(old_value, new_value) succeeds; Numeric compare_and_set, which checks old == old_value before attempting the u

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.13.1, an attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop. This requires merging a file with threads/articles into a writer. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.13.1.

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.13.0, an attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop. This requires merging a file with outlines into a writer. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.13.0.

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.13.0, an attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop. This requires extracting the text in layout mode. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.13.0.

pam_usb provides hardware authentication for Linux using removable media. In pam_usb 0.9.1 and earlier, usb_get_process_parent_id() can cause an infinite loop DoS because it does not initialize *ppid on failure. In pusb_local_login(), the same variable is reused as input and output in a process-tree while loop; if /proc//stat cannot be read (for example, when an ancestor process exits during authe

libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit 1762685, contains a pre-authentication denial of service vulnerability in the SSH_MSG_EXT_INFO handler in src/packet.c that allows a malicious SSH server to cause a client CPU exhaustion loop by sending a crafted extension count value. A malicious server can set nr_extensions to 0xFFFFFFFF during key exchange, causing the client to spin in a tight CPU loop f

libssh2 through 1.11.1, fixed in commit 1762685, contains a pre-authentication denial of service vulnerability in the SSH_MSG_EXT_INFO handler in src/packet.c that allows a malicious SSH server to cause a client CPU exhaustion loop by sending a crafted extension count value. A malicious server can set nr_extensions to 0xFFFFFFFF during key exchange, causing the client to spin in a tight CPU loop f

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-49 and 7.1.2-24, an infinite loop in the subimage-search operation can happen when using a crafted image. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-49 and 7.1.2-24.

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-48 and 7.1.2-23, when using LZMA compression in the MIFF encoder an out of bounds write can occur due to a missing check. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-48 and 7.1.2-23.

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2.23 and 6.9.13-48, due to a missing check in the MIFF decoder, a crafted file could cause an infinite loop resulting in CPU exhaustion. Versions 7.1.2.23 and 6.9.13-48 fix the issue.

image-size 1.1.0 before 1.2.1 and 2.0.0 before 2.0.2 contain a denial of service vulnerability in the findBox function when processing specially crafted images with zero-sized boxes. Remote attackers can cause application hang by supplying malicious JXL, HEIF, or JP2 image files with box size zero, triggering infinite loops during image validation.

Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop') vulnerability in the mod_proxy_ftp module in Apache HTTP Server with an attacker controlled backend FTP server. This issue affects undefined: from 2.4.0 through 2.4.67. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.4.68, which fixes the issue.

Billy is an interface filesystem abstraction for Go. Prior to versions 5.9.0 and 6.0.0-alpha.1, multiple components may improperly handle crafted or malformed input, resulting in panics, infinite loops, uncontrolled recursion, or excessive resource consumption. These issues arise from insufficient validation and missing safety mechanisms such as cycle detection, recursion limits, or defensive hand

Mermaid is a JavaScript tool that uses Markdown-inspired text to create and modify diagrams and charts. Prior to 10.9.6 and 11.15.0, there is a denial-of-service attack when rendering gantt charts, if they use the excludes attribute to exclude all dates. mermaid.parse is unaffected, unless you then call the ganttDb.getTasks() (which is called when rendering a diagram). This vulnerability is fixed

In OpenStack Swift before 2.36.2 and 2.37.2, s3api middleware enters an infinite loop when processing a truncated aws-chunked PUT request body. The StreamingInput class repeatedly appends an empty buffer and re-reads, causing the proxy-server worker handling the request to become permanently unresponsive with increasing CPU and memory consumption. An authenticated attacker can systematically exhau

In OpenStack Swift before 2.36.2 and 2.37.2, s3api middleware enters an infinite loop when processing a truncated aws-chunked PUT request body. The StreamingInput class repeatedly appends an empty buffer and re-reads, causing the proxy-server worker handling the request to become permanently unresponsive with increasing CPU and memory consumption. An authenticated attacker can systematically exhau

### Impact Unauthenticated denial of service. ### Summary When installing provider or module packages from attacker-controlled servers, the server may cause `tofu init`to enter an infinite loop sending garbage data to that server. Those who depend on modules or providers served from untrusted third-party servers may experience denial of service due to `tofu init` failing to complete successfull

libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. In versions 1.21.2 and below, a crafted 800-byte HEIF sequence file causes an infinite loop in Box_stts::get_sample_duration(), consuming 100% CPU indefinitely with zero progress, leading to DoS. The loop has no iteration limit or timeout and is triggered during file open (parsing) - before any user interaction or image decoding. The proc

### Summary `dasel`'s selector lexer enters a non-terminating loop when tokenizing an unterminated regex pattern such as `r/abc`. A 2-byte input (`r/`) is sufficient to cause the tokenizer to consume 100% CPU on one core indefinitely. I confirmed the issue on `v3.3.1` (`fba653c7f248aff10f2b89fca93929b64707dfc8`) and on `master` commit `0dd6132e0c58edbd9b1a5f7ffd00dfab1e6085ad`. I also verified t

### Summary The BST name-lookup loop in `DirectoryTree.TryGetDirectoryEntry` (`OpenMcdf/DirectoryTree.cs:35-46`) walks directory entries by repeatedly calling `directories.TryGetSibling(child, siblingType, validateColor)`. A crafted CFB file with cyclic Left/Right sibling links among directory entries - constructed so the per-step BST-order check in `TryGetSibling` (`DirectoryEntries.cs:84-85`) is

Due to a missing check in the MIFF decoder a crafted file could cause an infinite loop resulting in CPU exhaustion.

When using LZMA compression in the MIFF encoder an out of bounds write can occur due to a missing check.

## Executive Summary: Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. Loop with unreachable exit condition ('infinite loop') in ASP.NET Core allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over

# CPU Exhaustion in Avro Decoder via Unbounded Block-Count Iteration ## Summary The Avro array and map decoders looped over an attacker-controlled block-count value without checking the underlying reader's error state inside the loop body. `Reader.ReadBlockHeader` returns the count as a Go `int`, which is 64-bit on `amd64` / `arm64` targets — so a producer can declare a block of up to `math.MaxI

When a Client SSL profile is configured with Allow Dynamic Record Sizing on a UDP virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) to terminate.  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

When embedded Packet Velocity Acceleration (ePVA) acceleration is configured, undisclosed local ethernet traffic can cause an increase in ePVA and Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) resource utilization.  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

When a Client SSL profile is configured with Allow Dynamic Record Sizing on a UDP virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) to terminate.  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

When embedded Packet Velocity Acceleration (ePVA) acceleration is configured, undisclosed local ethernet traffic can cause an increase in ePVA and Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) resource utilization.  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

### Impact Multiple components may improperly handle crafted or malformed input, resulting in panics, infinite loops, uncontrolled recursion, or excessive resource consumption. These issues arise from insufficient validation and missing safety mechanisms such as cycle detection, recursion limits, or defensive handling of unexpected states when processing untrusted repository data and filesystem s

Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop') vulnerability in mtrudel bandit allows unauthenticated remote denial of service via worker process exhaustion. 'Elixir.Bandit.HTTP1.Socket':do_read_chunked_data!/5 in lib/bandit/http1/socket.ex terminates only when the last-chunk line 0\r\n is followed immediately by the empty trailer line \r\n. RFC 9112 §7.1.2 permits zero or more trailer fi

Snappier is a high performance C# implementation of the Snappy compression algorithm. Prior to 1.3.1, Snappier.SnappyStream enters an uncatchable infinite loop when decompressing a malformed framed-format Snappy stream as small as 15 bytes. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.3.1.

Loop with unreachable exit condition ('infinite loop') in ASP.NET Core allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

barebox version prior to 2026.04.0 contains a denial-of-service vulnerability in ext4 directory parsing in fs/ext4/ext4_common.c where the ext4fs_iterate_dir() function fails to validate that directory entry length values are non-zero. Attackers can supply a malicious ext4 filesystem image with a crafted directory entry containing a direntlen value of 0 to cause an infinite loop during directory l

barebox version prior to 2026.04.0 contains a denial-of-service vulnerability in ext4 directory parsing in fs/ext4/ext4_common.c where the ext4fs_iterate_dir() function fails to validate that directory entry length values are non-zero. Attackers can supply a malicious ext4 filesystem image with a crafted directory entry containing a direntlen value of 0 to cause an infinite loop during directory l

### Impact Mermaid v11.14.0 and earlier are vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack when rendering gantt charts, if they use the [`excludes` attribute](https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/gantt.html?#excludes) to exclude all dates. Example: ``` gantt excludes monday,tuesday,wednesday,thursday,friday,saturday,sunday DoS :2025-01-01, 1d ``` `mermaid.parse` is unaffected, unless you then call the

A security flaw has been discovered in VectifyAI PageIndex up to f50e52975313c6716c02b20a119577a1929decba. Affected by this vulnerability is the function toc_transformer of the file pageindex/page_index.py of the component PDF Table of Contents Handler. The manipulation results in infinite loop. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for at

In PHP versions 8.4.* before 8.4.21 and 8.5.* before 8.5.6, DOMNode::C14N() method may process the XML data incorrectly, causing a circular linked list in the data structure representing the XML document. This may cause subsequent processing of the XML document to enter infinite loop, causing denial of service in the processing application.

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From version 4.2.0 to before version 12.2.0, an attacker can supply a malicious PDF that causes the process to hang indefinitely, consuming 100% CPU and making the application unresponsive. This issue has been patched in version 12.2.0.

OpenMcdf is a fully .NET / C# library to manipulate Compound File Binary File Format files, also known as Structured Storage. Prior to version 3.1.3, OpenMcdf does not detect cycles in the directory entry red-black tree of a Compound File Binary (CFB) document. A crafted CFB file with a cycle in the LeftSiblingID / RightSiblingID chain causes Storage.EnumerateEntries() and Storage.OpenStream() to

lwjson 1.8.1 contains an improper input validation vulnerability in the streaming JSON parser (lwjson_stream.c). The end-of-string detection logic incorrectly identifies escaped quote characters by only checking the immediately preceding character rather than counting consecutive backslashes, causing valid JSON strings ending with an escaped backslash (like "\\") to never terminate parsing. A remo

The NSEC3 closest-encloser proof validation in `hickory-proto`'s (0.25.0-alpha.3 ... 0.25.2) and `hickory-net`'s (0.26.0-alpha.1 .. 0.26.0) `DnssecDnsHandle` walks from the QNAME up to the SOA owner name, building a list of candidate encloser names. The iterator used assumes the QNAME is a descendant of the SOA owner, terminating only when the current candidate equals the SOA name. When the SOA i

### Impact An attacker can supply a malicious PDF that causes the process to hang indefinitely, consuming 100% CPU and making the application unresponsive. ### Patches Patched version: 12.2.0. PdfParser (introduced in Pillow 4.2.0) follows Prev pointers in PDF trailers to read cross-reference sections. If a trailer's Prev pointer references an offset that has already been processed — either poin

DLMS/COSEM protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4

USB HID protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

SANE protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

TLS protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 allows denial of service

RPKI-Router protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

SMB2 protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

OpenFlow v5 protocol dissector infinite loops in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

MBIM protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

GNW protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

OpenFlow v6 protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

DLMS/COSEM protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4

USB HID protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

SANE protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

TLS protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 allows denial of service

GNW protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

RPKI-Router protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

OpenFlow v5 protocol dissector infinite loops in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

OpenFlow v6 protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

MBIM protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

SMB2 protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

UDS protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

UDS protocol dissector infinite loop in Wireshark 4.6.0 to 4.6.4 and 4.4.0 to 4.4.14 allows denial of service

### Summary A critical Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in `marked@18.0.0`. By providing a specific 3-byte input sequence a tab, a vertical tab, and a newline (`\x09\x0b\n`)—an unauthenticated attacker can trigger an infinite recursion loop during parsing. This leads to unbounded memory allocation, causing the host Node.js application to crash via Memory Exhaustion (OOM). ### Details